The rack and pinion system provides precise steering control and is commonly found in most modern cars. Because it directly controls the wheels, a failing rack and pinion can certainly make driving more difficult—not to mention potentially dangerous.
In this article, we’ll go over the most common symptoms of a faulty rack and pinion to help you determine whether it’s time for a replacement.
What are the Signs of a Bad Rack and Pinion?
Recognizing the symptoms of a bad rack and pinion system is essential to avoiding potentially hazardous driving conditions. Here are some of the tell-tale signs:
Leaking Power Steering Fluid
Visible leaks of power steering fluid are critical indicators of a faulty rack and pinion. Power steering fluid is usually reddish or pinkish in color and starts leaking under the car due to failing seals in the rack and pinion.
Burning Oil Smell
Leaking power steering fluid is sometimes accompanied by a burning oil smell. This can indicate that the fluid is overheating as a result of internal issues with the rack and pinion.
Difficulty Steering
If the steering wheel feels tight or is harder to turn than usual, this could indicate a problem with the rack and pinion. On the other extreme, if the steering feels loose or is less responsive, this could indicate that the rack and pinion’s internal gears are worn out.
Wheel Shaking or Vibration
If your steering wheel is constantly shaking or vibrating even on smooth roads, this might be due to a malfunctioning rack and pinion. Wheel shaking and vibrations can also indicate other suspension and alignment issues.
Unusual Noises
Clunking, grinding, or thudding noises when turning the steering wheel could point to damaged or worn-out components in the rack and pinion system.
Vehicle Drifting
If your car tends to pull to one side while driving, this could be a sign of steering issues linked to a malfunctioning rack and pinion.
Uneven Tire Wear
Excessive or uneven tire wear could be caused by a misalignment due to a faulty rack and pinion.
What Does a Rack and Pinion Do?
The rack and pinion is a type of steering system that converts the rotational motion of the steering wheel into the linear motion needed to turn your vehicle’s wheels.
When you turn the steering wheel, the steering shaft connected to the pinion gear rotates. The pinion gear then engages with the rack (which is a flat, toothed bar that runs horizontally). As the pinion turns, it moves the horizontal rack either to the left or right, depending on the direction the steering wheel is turned.
The movement of the rack pushes or pulls the tie rods, which are connected to the wheels. This causes the wheels to turn in the desired direction. Rack and pinion systems can be one of the following:
- Electrically assisted
- Hydraulically assisted
- Unassisted (manual).
Most modern cars, small trucks, and SUVs are equipped with a rack and pinion steering system. Compared to older steering mechanisms (like the recirculating ball steering system), the rack and pinion have a more straightforward design. It also has fewer moving parts—making it lighter, more efficient, and more compact. It also contributes to better fuel efficiency.
Rack and Pinion Replacement Cost
The average cost of a rack and pinion replacement is between $1,828 and $2,162.
Typically, the cost of the replacement parts ranges from $1,470 to $1,711 (though this can be as high as $4,795.05 for an OEM assembly). Labor costs range from $358 to $452.
Various factors will influence the overall replacement cost—including whether you choose OEM or aftermarket parts, whether other repairs are needed, and if additional parts are purchased.
The final estimate excludes taxes and fees, the cost of labor and goods in your area, and related repairs.
